Energy Demand
In 2022, overall energy use decreased to the level of 2020. The energy intensity is rapidly dwindling (twice the EU pace).
Electricity usage is 2 620 kWh/cap, which is 51% below the EU average, and per capita, energy consumption is approximately 1.8 toe (2021), which is 36% below the EU average. 2021 saw a 5% increase in overall energy usage, reaching 34 Mtoe. After a rise from 2014 to 2018 (1.5%/year), it declined by 2%/year between 2018 and 2020.
In 2022, 70% of overall consumption was fueled by fossil fuels. Since 2010, the share of oil in overall consumption has increased (from 25% to 30%), while the shares of gas, lignite, and coal have decreased (from 20% to 12% in 2022 and approximately 30%, respectively). Primary electricity now accounts for 16% of total electricity production, up from 13% in 2010 (8.5% nuclear, 4.5% hydropower, and 3% wind and solar). A steady percentage of roughly 12% (13% in 2022) is biomass.
Since 2010, Romania's energy intensity (consumption per unit of GDP) has decreased by 2.3% annually. Since 2015, final consumption has grown by 2% per year, reaching 26 Mtoe in 2022. Final energy consumption is accounted for by oil at 36% (up from 28% in 2010), gas at 24% (down from 29% in 2010), biomass at 17% (steady), electricity at 15% (also stable), heat at 4% (down from 7% in 2010), and coal at 4%. 25% of total consumption is made up by industry (29% in 2022 when non-energy uses are included). The industry's proportion is declining as transportation's share quickly increases (from 20% in 2010 to 29% in 2022). The residential tertiary percentage fell from 45% in 2010 to 42% in 2022.
Residential, agricultural and tertiary sector is the largest electricity consumer with 42% of total electricity consumption in 2022, followed by transportwith 28% and industry with 25%.
Source: www.enerdata.net
Last update: 07 2023