Energy and the Environment
Energy and environment are essential for sustainable development. The poor are disproportionately affected by environmental degradation and lack of access to clean affordable energy services. These issues are also global as climate change; countries acting alone cannot address loss of biodiversity and ozone layer depletion. UNDP helps countries strengthen their capacity to address these challenges at global, national and community levels, seeking out and sharing best practices, providing innovative policy advice and linking partners through pilot projects that help poor people build sustainable livelihoods.
[ UNDP Serbia ]
CO2-Emissions
CO2-Emissions per Capita of Serbia and Montenegro, as compared to other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, Austria and the European Union 15, 2007
CO2 emission by source, 1998 (total CO2 emissions: 51 million metric tons)
CO2 emission by sector, 1999 (total CO2 emissions: 40 million metric tons)
Air Pollution
Serbia and Montenegro has ratified the following agreements:
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2001,
- Vienna Convention in 1992
Non-CO2 Air Pollution, thousand metric tons, 1995: | |
|---|---|
SO2 | 525 |
NOx | 161 |
CO | 409 |
Non-methane VOC emissions | 9 |
[ Earth Trends ]
The energy sector is one of the primary factors of environmental pollution. This impact is recognized both, on local and global level.
In favour to avoid harmful environmental impact, energy policy in Serbia stresses the importance of the following incentives:
- Energy sources diversification – with particular point to renewable energy sources
- Rational use of energy – consumption management and energy audits
- Energy efficiency
- In accordance wit EU directives, EU strategic and regulatory documents, attaining Kyoto protocol goals, etc., Energy Development Strategy of the Republic of Serbia incorporates the incentive measures for investments into energy sector and as well as for subjects that use RES as energy source.
- Strategy sets up priorities for operating and development of energy sectors, stressing RES as well.
Electric Power Industry of Serbia
So as to meet standards of the European Union the Electric Power Industry is liable within period until the year 2015, to invest into environment protection 1.2 billion €. The already defined programs in view of that refer to:
- Reduction of emission of sulphur oxides by incorporation of facilities for sulphur removal of smoke gases of thermal power plants;
- Reduction of emission of nitrogen oxides into the air by introduction of primary measures;
- Reconstruction of the existing or replacement of electro filters;
- Replacement of fuel used by thermal power plants-heating plants by one with lower coefficient of emission of harmful substances;
- Making out of cadastre of polluters,
- Cleaning of riverbeds
- Solving problems of floating waste,
- Support to usage of renewable sources of energy (mini hydro-power plants),
- Purification of oiled wastewaters of the EPS facilities,
- Re-cultivation of soil (nursery plants, afforesting).
Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection and Directorate for Environmental Protection
These two entities are leading institutions, in charge of the implementation of POPs project "Project on developing plan for the implementation of Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants”.
Subject project is financed by GEF – Global Environment Protection Fund – e.g. its implementation agency - UN Fund for environmental protection. Aside general objectives, related to global protection, there are some specific national goals in Serbia, i.e. to develop sustainable capacities within Serbia. Their aim is to fulfil the obligations arising from Stockholm Convention, particularly in preparation of National implementation plan for the convention. Thus, Serbia and Montenegro - nowadays separately - will be trained to:
- Prepare a background for Convention's implementation
- To meet reporting standards
- Strengthen own capacity building for pollutants management
