Energy demand
Total energy consumption per capita is 4toe/cap and ranks among the hightest in Eastern Europe, close to that of Austria and Slovenia and almost double that in Lativa, mainly due to oil shale combustion in thermal power plants with low efficiency.
The years 1992 to 2002 showed a significant decrease in overall consumption (- 6 % until 1999, stagnating between 1999 and 2002), which can be led back to industrial closings and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. However between 2000 and 2008 energy consumption increased by 1.8%/year.
[Enerdata]
Final Energy Consumption in Estonia by Sector, 2009
Final Energy Demand of the Residential Sector in Estonia, 2009
Final energy demand of the residential sector of Estonia, as compared to that of other CEEC, Austria, and the EU 15, 2008
The share of industry in final consumption – including non energy uses – has decreased from 47% in 1992 to 29% in 2008. The share of the residential and service sector is rising: It was only 28% in 1992, and is by 2008 consuming approximately 47 % of final enery.
Primary energy intensity per GDP at purchase power parity in Estonia, other CEEC, Austria, and the EU 15, 2008
Primary energy intensity is an indicator to show how much energy is needed to produce one quantity of economic output.
The energy intensity of Estonia, although it has decreased since Estonia’s independence, is still more than twice as high as in the average EU country.
Demand of Electricity per GDP (MWh/M$05) and per Capita (kWh/hab) for Estonia, as compared to other countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Austria and the European Union 15, 2008
The deviation of electricity demand per GDP of a country from that of Austria or the EU average indicates, how efficiently electricity is utilised in the respective economy in comparison to the EU or to Austria, or, conversely, which gains in efficiency are to be realised. If the electricity demand per GDP decreases – what can be expected for the future in CEE countries – more national income in the form of GDP will be produced with the same amount of electricity (the black bars in the figure will decrease in this case).
Final Consumption (TJ) | Solid fuels | Crude oil | Oil products | Gas | Hydro., Nucl. | Elec. | Heat | Biomass | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
industry | 4689 |
| 2590 | 4608 |
| 7421 | 2206 | 5167 | 26681 |
transport |
| 28713 |
|
| 216 |
|
| 28928 | |
households, services | 694 |
| 3671 | 2042 |
| 16365 | 18707 | 18082 | 59561 |
non energy uses | 71 |
| 1725 | 3051 |
|
|
|
| 4847 |
total | 5454 |
| 36698 | 9701 |
| 24002 | 20913 | 23250 | 120018 |
Prices
In 2009, the elctricity price was €9.3c/kWh for industry and €12.4c/kWh for households.
In 2009, the price of gasoline was €0.96/l and €0.95/l for diesel.
The price of gas is among the lowest in Europe, this is due to the favourable conditions offered by Russia, the country's only supplier. The price of gas is € 2.77/kWh for industry and €3.42/kWh for the residential sector (2009).
